Issues in Financial Accounting Assignment Sample

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Assignment 2

Question 1

a) Journal Entries as per AASB 116

Depreciation

Cost of assets 245000

Depreciation (245000-35000/7) 30000

=                                              215000

Date	Particulars	Amount
30-June-2013	Balance of machine at 2012	215000
	Depreciation	30000
	Balance at 2013	185000
30-June-2014	Balance at 2013	185000
	Depreciation	30000
	Balance at end of 2014	155000
30-June -2015	Balance at 2014	155000
	Depreciation	30000
	Balance at end of 2015	125000
30-June-2016	Balance at 2015	125000
	Depreciation	30000
	Balance at end of 2016	95000

Journal Entries

Date	Particular	Debit	Credit
30-June-2013	Machinery A/c Dr	185000
	Depreciation a/c Dr	30000
	To Cisco Ltd		215000
Narration	(Being machine valued at fair value)
30-June-2014	Machinery A/c Dr	155000
	Depreciation a/c Dr	30000
	To Cisco Ltd		185000
	(Being machine valued at fair value)
30-June-2015	Machinery A/c Dr	125000
	Depreciation a/c Dr	30000
	To Cisco Ltd		155000
	(Being machine valued at fair value)

b) AASB 116 and AASB 136

Machinery A/c Dr 95000

            Depreciation a/c Dr30000

            To Cisco Ltd                       125000

Measurement of recoverable amount

=Fair value-cost to sell-value in use

= 104000-600-98000

= 5400

There will be no impairment of assets in this scenraio where in accordance with AASB 136 impairment of assets the the recoverable amount is less than the carrying amount of 95000.

c) Other Assessment Undertake by Cisco

Cisco Ltd should comply with the framework of AASB 108 which deals in ensuring the changes in estimates in the accounts. The depreciation method currently used by an entity is Straight line method if changes to WDV are required to fulfill this standard requirements.

Question 2

A. Appropriate Journal Entries for Ajax Ltd for the Year of 2012, 2013 and 2014

Date	Particular	Debit	Credit
30 June 2011	Machinery A/c Dr	320000
	To cash a/c		320000
30-June-2012	Depreciation a/c Dr	40000
	To machinery a/c		40000
30-June-2013	Depreciation a/c Dr	40000
	To machinery a/c		40000
30-June-2014	Depreciation a/c Dr	40000
	To machinery a/c		40000

B.  Journal Entries for Accumulated Depreciation

Date	Particular	Debit	Credit
30 June 2014	Depreciation expense a/c Dr	40000
	To accumulated depreciation a/c		40000
30-June-2015	Depreciation a/c Dr	40000
	To machinery a/c		40000

 

Journal Entries for Impairment Losses

Date	Particular	Debit	Credit
30 June 2014	Impairment loss a/c Dr	90000
	To accumulated depreciation a/c		90000

In 2015, recoverable amount is higher than carrying figure so there is no journal entry has been made.

C. Explaining the Reasons for Impairment

            In 2014, carrying amount is $200000, whereas recoverable amount implies for $110000. Hence, carrying amount is higher than recoverable cost which shows the loss of $90000.

 Carrying cost – recoverable amount

$200000 – $110000 = $90000

D. Presenting the Amount of Plant and Equipment in Balance Sheet

In balance sheet, revaluate amount of plant and equipment is recorded by business entity after doing final reversal.

Question 3

Interpreting the Technical Requirements and Importance of International Accounting Standards

International Accounting standards have high level of importance which ensures high level transparency and standardization in the financial statements. Hence, final accounts which are prepared according to IFRS are highly reliable in nature and thereby helps stakeholders in making decisions (Florou, Kosi and Pope, 2017). However, technical knowledge is highly required among the individuals or accounting personnel to deal with the aspects of International Accounting Standards such as IAS 12 and 26 etc. In this, accounting personnel must have ability to recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities. Moreover, assets, revenue received in advance, other liabilities, unrecognized items; consolidated financial statements are the main bases of taxation (Warren, 2016). By taking into consideration all such bases accounting personnel can assess or determine the tax liability. In addition to this, in IAS 12 contains rules regarding the measurement of deferred tax. Along with this, tax rate are also varied from one year to another. In this, accounting personnel is required to update with changing rules and policies. Through this, finance manager and accounting personnel would become able to determine suitable tax liability.

In addition to this, IAS 26 serves information about retirement plans which can be distinguished into two types such as defined benefit and contribution plan. Hence, it clearly presents information about the recording, measurement and disclosure of information regarding the retirement benefit plans. Hence, for effective presentation accounting personnel must have knowledge regarding the rules and regulations which are related to it (Bond, Govendir and Wells, 2016). Thus, by considering all such aspects it can be said that technical and conceptual knowledge is highly required for dealing with the standards more effectively and efficiently. Moreover, reporting and measurement aspect of pension plan is highly differing from one standard to another (McPhail, Macdonald and Ferguson, 2016). For instance: UK GAAP has different rules in relation to treatment on pension benefits in against to IAS. Hence, conceptual understanding and knowledge is highly required for dealing with the amount of retirement benefits and deferred tax amount.

There are several key issues which are associated with financial reporting enumerated below:

• Reporting needs and requirements are mentioned in the regulations which business entity requires following for ensuring transparency in the final accounts. However, sometimes is not possible for the business organization to comply with all the rules to the large extent.
• Further, some government authorities have framed and introduced legislation which entail that companies are not obliged to prepare financial statements according to accounting standards. Moreover, sometimes treasurer directives also enforce accounting standard which company has to follow for the preparation of financial statements.

Refrences

Books and Journals

 

Bond, D., Govendir, B. and Wells, P., 2016. An evaluation of asset impairments by Australian firms and whether they were impacted by AASB 136. Accounting & Finance.

Florou, A., Kosi, U. and Pope, P.F., 2017. Are international accounting standards more credit relevant than domestic standards?. Accounting and Business Research. 47(1). pp.1-29.

McPhail, K., Macdonald, K. and Ferguson, J., 2016. Should the international accounting standards board have responsibility for human rights?. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal. 29(4). pp.594-616.

Warren, C. M., 2016. The impact of International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)/International Financial Reporting Standard 16 (IFRS 16). Property Management. 34(3).