Statistical tools are quite relevant to organization in order to carry out the research in effective way. Present report deals with analyzing associations between qualitative and quantitative job insecurity and well-being of employees in the banking sector of Belgium. Sample size is taken and sampling method is listed in the report along with advantages and disadvantages of the same. Furthermore, research design is also explained with merits and demerits.
The current sample size chosen is 15000 employees from the banking sector of Belgium. The total employees are 69000 and as such, around 21 % of sample size is taken for conducting research of the sector regarding qualitative and quantitative aspect of job insecurity. The sample size is the representation of whole population which is chosen for conducting survey with much ease. This helps to identify all the views of workers by taking sample which is a representative of overall population with regards to employees. It provides clarity about perceptions of job insecurity in relation to both quantitative and quantitative elements in the best possible manner (Moulin, 2014).
Moreover, the sample size is necessary for conducting survey from employees in Belgium banking sector. It is important as practical impossible to collect data of each and every person and as such, sample becomes necessary for outlining research in the most economical way. This means that size is taken roughly 21 % which is adequate for extracting results with much ease. The main purpose of taking sample from entire population is that survey cannot be taken from whole universe and as a result, estimation is done with regards to entire demographics. Moreover, there are various advantages of sample size such as it saves time of the researcher, quick results can be attained in effective manner. Furthermore, fast and efficient information is extracted which help researcher to carry out results and as such, sample size is considered as a representative of whole data set.
The sample data collected of employees is reliable for analyzing qualitative and quantitative aspect of job insecurity. Moreover, it would be much expensive to collect opinions of every employees and as such, data is gathered about 21 % of employees with address provided by the banks having name, address and language of employees. Thus, online questionnaire was sent through mails of employees. Thus, it can be said that sample size taken for survey is necessary for extracting views of workers in effective manner. It is required as practically impossible for researcher to collect information from whole population and as a result, sample becomes necessary to outline results by saving time and costs involved in it.
The current sampling method used by the researchersissimple random sampling technique. This method implies that a sample is taken from overall data set which is representative of whole population taken into consideration. This help to ascertain information and as such, data is collected on the basis of sample only. It is quite effective way of carrying out results without taking into account entire population present in the universe. The simple random sampling is used in conducting research of job insecurity in which each employee has equal probability of chosen in the sample. This means that 15000 employees are chosen as a sample from 65000 employees and as such, size of sample is random as each worker has equal possibility of included in the sample. This method is quite useful particularly population is large enough. The advantages and disadvantages are as follows-
Advantages-
Disadvantages-
The solution derived from the simple random method is unreliable when units available in the population is much dispersed and as such, concrete solution cannot be arrived. This is another demerit of sampling method (Pindyck and Rubinfeld, 2014).
The reliability is important so that research conducted may be worthwhile and as such, study can be undertaken with much ease. In the particular research concerning to job insecurity of qualitative and quantitative aspect, various variables are carried out in order to test whether they can be measured appropriately and adequate results can be extracted with much ease. The variables taken in this research are age, gender, children of employees and other such elements so that reliability and validity of measures can be attained in the best possible manner. In relation to this, reliability means that how much consistent is measure of variables. There are various types of the technique such as test-retest reliability, internal reliability and inter-rater reliability. The first type means that researchers measure a construct and as such, they effectively assumes that in the future, results may be same as it is today. This means that reliability of the population can be assumed to be constant in the future as well. Thus, information is much reliable which is extracted from population of employees in banking sector.
Internal consistency means that all the responses from the units having same underlying perceptions and views should be correlated with one another. This means that employees having same responses with regards to qualitative and quantitative aspect of job insecurity should be correlated with one another. Quantitative element is linked to job continuation in the future while, qualitative aspect is related to threat of valued aspects such as working conditions or job content. On the other hand, inter-rater reliability means that significant judgment is passed by the observer. The reliability is extent to which various raters are consistent with regards to their individual judgments (Wildavsky, 2017).
Validity means that up to how much extent, measure of the variables are valid. It is in direct correlation to reliability as when a particular measure has appropriate internal consistency and test-retest type, this clearly shows that researchers are pretty much confident about the validity of variables under study. There are three types of validity such as face, content, criterion and discriminant validity. The first type states that the measure is based on face which is included in collecting sample as person would expect an adequate questionnaire with regards self-esteem. Content validity implies that extent to which measures should cover the interest of variables. In simple words, it is required in this aspect that if researcher defines two thoughts, then these should be included in the measurement of the same in research and as such, validity can be observed. While, criterion validity is based on responses of employees in relation to this research should be correlated with another variables which is termed as criteria that a person expect to be in correlation. Discriminant means that variable included in the sample are not in correlation with measures of variables (Senabre, Ferran-Ferrer and Perelló, 2018).
The main purpose of this research is to find associations between quantitative and qualitative aspect of job insecurity and well-being. Besides this, variables such as age, gender, educational level and extra income related data was gathered in order to test the reliability of in-depth research in the best possible manner. This is quite effective so that different aspects of control variables can be viewed at with much ease. It help to test the reliability aspect of research in effectual way. The elements such as educational level and extra income is carried out so that aspects related to job insecurity can be explained quite effectually.
This is required because the quantitative aspect is based on the educational level of employees which is in relation to research under study. Furthermore, it age and income level, working conditions are also taken with a view to clarify that research outcome can be carried out in the best possible manner. Social demographics are used in this research so that control variables can be correlated with these elements. Thus, the correlation may be seen in such variables. Thus, they are used in carrying out better and concrete results.
The current research design is descriptive one as each and every element of data is gathered such as working conditions, employment conditions, job content and social relations which are gathered from qualitative aspect. On the other hand, insecurity of job in future and in reverse such as employees are sure to keep up job are taken as quantitative aspect (Putrana and Kariati, 2018). Thus, it can be said that it is descriptive research design in the case study of Belgium banking sector.
Positives of descriptive research design
Negatives of descriptive research design
Hereby it can be concluded that objective of research should be cleared so that concrete results can be attained in the best possible manner. The sample size should be taken in relation to the population size so that research can be conducted without any errors. Further, purpose of research must be stated and as such, solutions may be attained. Research design should be taken which must be relevant to the problem. Thus, it can be said that research is important aspect in arriving at concrete solution to issue.
Books and Journals
Moulin, H., 2014. Cooperative microeconomics: a game-theoretic introduction. Princeton University Press.
Pindyck, R. S. and Rubinfeld, D. L., 2014. Microeconomics.
Putrana, I.W. and Kariati, N.M., 2018, April. An Increase In Literate Statistics,(Statistical Reasoning And Statistical Thinking Through The Development Of Teaching Materials And Assessments Based E-Learning. In Proceedings (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 28-35).
Senabre, E., Ferran-Ferrer, N. and Perelló, J., 2018. Participatory design of citizen science experiments. Comunicar. 26(54).pp.29-38.
Wildavsky, A., 2017. Speaking truth to power: Art and craft of policy analysis. Routledge.
Online
What is Simple random sampling?. 2018 [Online] Available Through: <https://accountlearning.com/simple-random-sampling-definition-advantages-disadvantages/>
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