Particulars
2014
2015 (Budgeted)
Variance
Trading revenue
1746.6
1921.26
174.66
cost of sale
1235.2
1334.016
98.816
Gross margin
511.4
552.312
40.912
Other income
55.9
60.372
4.472
Warehouse and distribution costs
176.5
190.62
14.12
Selling, administation and other operating costs
240.8
260.064
19.264
Share of net profit of joint venture entities
9.4
10.152
0.752
Other expenses
17.5
18.9
1.4
profit before finance and income tax
141.9
153.252
11.352
Interest income
2.5
2.7
0.2
Finance cost
21.1
22.155
1.055
Profit before income tax
123.3
129.465
6.165
Income tax expense
24.2
27.104
2.904
Net profit
99.1
110.992
11.892
Net profit attributable to non controlling interests
11
12.32
1.32
Net profit attributable to shareholders of CSR limited
88.1
98.672
10.572
Earning per share (cents)
Basic earning per share based on net profit attributaable to shareholsers of CSR Limited
19.6
2.1
Diluted earnings per share based on net profit attributable to shareholders of CSR Limited
Interpretations
The above mentioned consolidated income statement prepared for the 2015 has based on the pre-determined percentages in terms of specific percentages (Adler & Volta, 2016). The budgeted income statements is the outcome generated by using specific percentages based on the previous figures of 2014. The revenue in the above mentioned income statements is increasing with a 10% which shows the abilityu of an enterprise as their revenue has increases from 1746.6 to 1921.26 with a increment of 174.66. The exact ratio of expenditure excluding the finance costs are decided as 10% increases which is not good sign for an entity. The increasing amount of expenses will deteriorate the performance of the business as an entity tries to minimize their liability in the form of different kinds of expenses. The increment oin the expenses reflects deficiency of an entity. The finance costs had deceased rom the total expenses whosew defined ratio is 10% as expenses will result in lower efficiency of the business. Apart from increasing all kinds of the expenses the gross profit of an enterprise are aloi increases. The net profit of an entity has increases from the previous figures. It can be said that the budgeted figures are more efficiuent than the previous figures as the increase in the cost will lead to increase in the business efficiency (Gunz & Thorne, 2016). This higher efficiency is due to the increasing sales and the revenue from previous figures as all other figures are systematically flows in a same direction. The earning per share which ensure an entity's efficiency over a particular period results in good increment. The higher EPS will ensure the shareholders as they get higher returns for their valuable money invested in the business. The budgeted figures are far more better than the previous figures as the current efficiency of the business are increasing over a period of time.
1. Contribution margin per unit
Sport
Drama
Comedy
Sale price
100
70
200
variable cost
60
50
Contribution
40
20
2. Average contribution margin per unit
Contribution per unit
*sales mix %
40.00%
50.00%
10.00%
Average contribution
16
10
Sum of weighted
36
3. Sales mix of each category
Total fixed cost
90000
Break even unit Sales volume
40000
25000
4. Total units of Sales Mix
Total
Break even units of sales Mix
2500
5.Number of units of product
Sales Mix
*Total Break event units
Product units at BEP
1000
1250
250
6. Desired income after tax
Targeted income(before tax)
45000
Contribution margin per unit
Sales in units(Fixed cost+targeted income/contribution margin per unit)
91125
92250
90450
Break event point is regarded as one of the important methods involved in every business entity whose major emphasises on ascertaining the efficiency of the business. It is that method which help a entity in order to identify that specific point in which an enterprise will nor profit or loss in order to form further business planning (Zeff, 2016). The contribution margin of the above categories such as sport, drama and conedy out of which comedy has higher contribution margin rate. The break even units are higher in the drama category than all other products. The above trageted income of 27000 is income after tax which needs to be further transferred into income before tax in order to find accurate figures of trageted income in the sales units (Kaplan & Atkinson, 2015). It has been clearly shown from the above figure that the sales in units are increases in the drama category than all other categories of the overall sales mix.
It can be summarised from the above project report that assessing the internal business capabilities will be beneficial for an entity as it helps in taking further business steps. The results obtained from the prepartion of the financial statements and the break even methods will helkp an entity in making good accounting decisions. The judgmental skills of the owner shouold be strong enough in order to deal with the complex business situations in order to keep pace with the external environment.
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Books and journals
Lafond, C. A., McAleer, A. C., & Wentzel, K. (2016). Enhancing the Link between Technology and Accounting in Introductory Courses: Evidence From Students. Journal of the Academy of Business Education.17.
Zeff, S. A. (2016). Forging accounting principles in five countries: A history and an analysis of trends. Routledge.
Gow, I. D., Larcker, D. F., & Reiss, P. C. (2016). Causal inference in accounting research. Journal of Accounting Research. 54(2). 477-523.
Gunz, S., & Thorne, L. (2016). Introduction to Thematic Symposium on Accounting Professionalism. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-3.
Adler, N., & Volta, N. (2016). Accounting for externalities and disposability: A directional economic environmental distance function. European Journal of Operational Research. 250(1). 314-327.
Kaplan, R. S., & Atkinson, A. A. (2015).Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning.
Deegan, C. (2016). So, who really is a “noted author” within the accounting literature? A reflection on Benson et al.(2015). Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 29(3), 483-490.
Collier, P. M. (2015). Accounting for managers: Interpreting accounting information for decision making. John Wiley & Sons.
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